Quilmes, Argentina

Gifted with a rich cultural heritage, Argentina is strewn with many ancient archaeological sites which are major tourist attractions in Argentina. The largest of the archaeological sites in Argentina is Quilmes in the northwest part of the

country. The longest road of Argentina, stretching from Patagonia to Bolivia, passes through Cafayate and 55 km south of Cafayate is the ancient fortified town of Quilmes. This centuries old town, built by the indigenous indians, is in the province of Tucuman.

One can reach there by road from Salta or from Cafayate. There are flights to Salta from the capital, Buenos Aires and after reaching Salta one can head for the archaeological site. Bus services are available from Cafayate to San Miguel de Tucumí¡n and Tafí­ del Valle. One can get down on the highway and then has to hike around five kilometers to reach the ruins. Few vehicles are available from highway to reach the site.

In the 17th century, more than ten thousand people lived a comfortable life in this town. The inhabitants had sound knowledge of farming and animal husbandry and followed Incan ways of harvesting. They had a considerably comfortable life in the southern end of Calchaqui Valley.

As early as 1000 AD., development of Quilmes took place and it was part of the local Diaguita- Calchaquí­ culture. Diaguita, also known as Diaguita- Calchaquí­, are a group of South American indigenous people. In the late 15th century, it came under the influence of Inca civilization.

Spanish invaders stormed the region with the hope of getting gold, the inhabitants of Quilmes fiercely resisted the invasion. But ultimately the indigenous people were defeated in 1667, and Spanish conquerors made 2000 of the survivors to walk 1500 miles from the Andes to the outskirts of Buenos Aires. The majority died of starvation and fatigue and the clan was almost wiped out.

The ruins of the place was discovered in the late 18th century. It was found that the people used to live in thick walled structures overlooking the irrigated land. Nowadays, near the archaeological site, some hotels have developed where one can spend overnight. It takes around half a day to completely explore the ruins and one should also visit the museum to see the excellent crafts.

Not only as an archaeological site, but the name of Quilmes is also known throughout the country as the a brand of beer. Quilmes is the most popular brand of beer in Argentina and is also exported in other South American countries.